英文篇名
EVOLUTIONS OF DEBRIS FLOW AND SLOPE HAZARD MITIGATION MEASURES IN TAIWAN-RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND STRATEGIES
作者
林美聆、陳天健
關鍵字
土砂災害、防災、科技、政策
摘要
台灣山坡地地勢陡峭、岩質破碎,再加上常遭遇颱風、暴雨及地震等侵襲,易造成坡地災害,其中土石流因具有流速快、衝擊力大等特性,災害發生時往往造成人民生命財產的重大損失。台灣近數十年之土砂災害防治政策,以往主要較偏重於治山防洪及土地開發利用等工程措施,但受到各國逐漸採行土砂災害預警、土地管理、教育宣導、防災演練、土砂災害保險、社區自主防災等非工程措施,並納入環境保護與生態保育觀念,倡導全流域治理理念,我國土石災害防治政策亦開始參酌平時減災、災前整備、災時應變及災後復原等四階段災害管理精神。土砂災害防災科技之研究結構也隨之轉變,開始進入跨領域整合性的研究理念,大量引進現代資訊科技後,形成即時化、預先化及主動化的土砂災害防救概念。
英文摘要
Due to the fragile geological conditions and steep terrain of the mountain area, Taiwan is prone to the debris flow and slope hazards caused by typhoons, severe rain falls, and earthquakes, which often caused human lives and induced severe damages to properties. In the earlier stage of mitigation strategies of such hazard, emphases were laid on the engineering facilities and land use development. Starting the past decade, the concepts such as: early warning, land use management, education, insurance, and community involvement gradually evolved, and have been materialized in the mitigation measures. In recent years, the concepts of ecological system and environment protection, and management of watershed were introduced into the forming of strategies of hazard mitigation. The evolvements of the research development and strategies for debris flow and slope hazard mitigation measures in Taiwan are introduced in this paper.